Vincademy Resources

Chapter 1 to 21

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Price: RM85 (Original: RM110)​

Chapter 1: Characteristics and classification of living organisms

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Price: RM5

 

Keywords included:

• movement

• respiration

• sensitivity

• growth

• reproduction

• excretion

• nutrition

• species

• dichotomous key

• mammals

• birds

• reptiles

• amphibians

• fish

• myriapods

• insects

• arachnids

• crustaceans

• fungi

• protoctists

• prokaryotes (bacteria)

• ferns

• monocotyledon

• dicotyledon

• king phillip came over for good spaghetti

Chapter 2: Organisation of the organism

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Price: RM5

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Keywords included:

• cell wall

• cell membrane

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

• rough er/ribosomes

• plasmid

• circular DNA

• flagellum

• ciliated cell

• root hair cell

• palisade mesophyll cell

• neurones

• red blood cell

• sperm & egg cells

• cell

• tissue

• organ

• organ system

• magnification

Chapter 3: Movement into and out of cells

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• diffusion

• surface area

• temperature

• concentration gradient

• diffusion distance

• osmosis

• flaccid

• turgid

• active transport

• protein carrier

Chapter 4: Biological molecules

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• biological molecules' elements

• carbohydrates (starch, glycogen, and cellulose)

• proteins

• fats and oils

• starch

• glucose

• protein

• fats and oils test

• vitamin C test

• DNA

Chapter 5: Enzymes

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• lock-and-key theory

• enzyme

• substrate

• active site

• enzyme-substrate complex

• denature

• temperature increases slightly

• temperature increases significantly

• high/low pH

Chapter 6: Plant nutrition

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Price: RM5

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Keywords included:

• photosynthesis

• chlorophyll

• photosynthesis chemical equation

• carbohydrates in plants

• nitrate ions in plants

• magnesium ions in plants

• light intensity and photosynthesis

• temperature and photosynthesis

• carbon dioxide and photosynthesis

• limiting factors of photosynthesis

• hydrogencarbonate indicator

• wax cuticle

• upper epidermis

• palisade mesophyll

• spongy mesophyll

• stomata

• guard cell

• xylem functions

• phloem functions

Chapter 7: Human nutrition

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Price: RM7

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Keywords included:

• balanced diet

• function of carbohydrate

• function of protein

• function of lipid/fat

• function of fibre

• scurvy

• rickets

• function of water

• function of calcium

• function of iron

• oesophagus

• mouth

• stomach

• small intestine

• large intestine

• trypsin

• pepsin

• hydrochloric acid

• maltase

• amylase

• pancreas

• gall bladder

• bile

• chemical digestion

• physical digestion

• incisor

• canine

• premolar & molar

• enamel

• dentine

• pulp

• cement

• villus

Chapter 8: Transport in plants

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• xylem

• phloem

• water uptake pathway

• transpiration

• transpiration pull

• wilting

• translocation

• humidity and transpiration

• temperature and transpiration

• wind and transpiration

Chapter 9: Transport in humans

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Price: RM6

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Keywords included:

• single circulatory system

• double circulatory system

• double circulatory system (advantages)

• circulatory system (definition)

• right atrium

• right ventricle

• left ventricle

• left atrium

• septum

• valve

• running and heart rate

• oxygen debt

• monitoring heart rate

• coronary heart disease

• artery

• capillaries

• vein

• renal artery

• renal vein

• hepatic artery

• hepatic vein

• hepatic portal vein

• red blood cell

• phagocytes

• lymphocytes

• platelets

• plasma

• blood clotting

Chapter 10: Diseases and immunity

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• pathogen

• transmissible disease

• a pathogen is transmitted by:

• spread of disease can be controlled by:

• body defence

• active immunity

• antibody

• antigen

• process of vaccination

• herd immunity

• passive immunity

• breast-feed

• cholera

Chapter 11: Gas exchange in humans

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• larynx

• trachea

• bronchi

• bronchiole

• alveoli

• adaptations of alveoli

• diaphragm

• ribs

• goblet cell

• ciliated cell

• limewater

Chapter 12: Respiration

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• aerobic respiration

• aerobic respiration equation

• anaerobic respiration

• anaerobic respiration equation (yeast)

• lactic acid

• lactic acid and the liver

Chapter 13: Excretion in humans

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• kidney

• ureter

• bladder

• urethra

• cortex

• medulla

• nephron

• glomerulus

• functions of liver

Chapter 14: Coordination and response

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Price: RM11

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Keywords included:

• function of nervous system

• central nervous system

• peripheral nervous system

• relay neurone

• sensory neurone

• motor neurone

• pathway of reflex arc

• reflex arc

• events at synapse

• importance of synapse

• synapse

• vesicles

• neurotransmitter

• receptor proteins

• synaptic gap

• sense organ

• cornea

• iris

• pupil

• lens

• suspensory ligament

• ciliary muscle

• retina

• optic nerve

• blind spot

• circular and radial muscles

• viewing near object

• viewing far object

• rods

• cones

• definition of hormone

• types of hormone

• fight-or-flight

• nervous vs hormonal system

• homeostasis

• glucose increase

• glucose decrease

• diabetes

• hair erector muscles

• hairs

• sweat gland

• receptor

• sensory neurone

• blood vessels

• fatty tissues

• sweating

• shivering

• hypothalamus

• vasodilation

• vasoconstriction

• gravitropism

• phototropism

• role of auxin in shoot

Chapter 15: Drugs

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Price: RM3

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Keywords included:

• drug

• antibiotics

• antibiotic resistance

Chapter 16: Reproduction

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Price: RM12

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Keywords included:

• asexual reproduction

• pros and cons of asexual reproduction

• sexual reproduction

• pros and cons of sexual reproduction

• binary fission

• tubers

• spores

• runners

• fertilisation

• haploid vs diploid

• petals

• anther

• filament

• stamen

• stigma style

• ovule

• ovary

• carpel

• sepal

• pollination

• self-pollination

• cross-pollination

• pollination to seed formation

• conditions for germination

• scrotum

• testis

• penis

• urethra

• prostate gland

• sperm duct

• ovary

• oviduct

• uterus

• cervix

• vagina

• adaptations of sperm

• adaptations of ovum

• sperm vs ovum

• amniotic sac

• amniotic fluid

• umbilical cord

• placenta

• FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

• LH (luteinising hormone)

• oestrogen

• progesterone

• progesterone production site

• oestrogen production site

• sexually transmitted disease (STI)

• human immunodeficiency disease (HIV)

• transmission methods of HIV

• controlling HIV

Chapter 17: Inheritance​

Price: RM5

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Keywords included:

• chromosome

• gene

• allele

• sex chromosome

• bases

• translation

• transcription

• mitosis

• cell specialisation

• meiosis

• inheritance

• genotype

• phenotype

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

• homozygous dominant

• dominant allele

• codominance

Chapter 18: Variation and selection​

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• variation

• continuous variation

• discontinuous variation

• gene mutation

• sources of genetic variation

• hydrophytes

• xerophytes

• natural selection

• selective breeding

Chapter 19: Organisms and their environment​

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Price: RM6

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Keywords included:

• sun

• producer/first trophic level

• primary consumer/second trophic level

• secondary consumer/third trophic level

• decomposer

• pyramid of number

• pyramid of biomass

• pyramid of energy

• more energy efficient to consume vege

• carbon cycle

• decomposition

• nitrogen fixation

• nitrification

• assimilation

• feeding

• deamination

• denitrification

• population

• community

• ecosystem

• lag phase

• exponential phase

• stationary phase

• death phase

Chapter 20: Human influence on ecosystems​

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Price: RM5

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Keywords included:

• increase in food production

• monoculture

• intensive livestock production

• biodiversity

• habitat destruction

• effects of deforestation

• eutrophication

• plastics

• greenhouse gas

• sustainable resource

• causes of extinction

• conservation of forest

• conservation of endangered species

• artificial insemination

• in vitro fertilisation (IVF)

• population decrease

Chapter 21: Biotechnology and genetic modification

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Price: RM4

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Keywords included:

• bacteria in biotechnology

• uses of yeast

• pectinase

• biological washing powder

• lactose-free milk

• fermenter

• genetic modification

• examples of genetic modification

• restriction enzyme

• DNA ligase

• insertion of recombinant plasmids into bacteria

• genetically modified crops